Whether it’s politely debating the effectiveness of how an office runs, or complaining about the bosses, Pouthier found that the complaining session served as bonding function.20. . “It allows people to recognize how similar they are in the challenges they are facing every day and how they feel about them,”she says.

A. However, few people know how this happens B. No matter what kind of environment you work in

C. It can even help staff to work through their negative feelings D. Whether bosses accept complaints from their employees or not E.But this common activity in every workplace was so under -researched F.It was found that there’s actually benefits to these kinds of complaining session

G.Good news is, this workplace complaining is actually beneficial to your mental well-being.

【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。人们有时需要发泄一下。适当的抱怨会有益于你的身心健康。 16.G 根据下文提示“这对提高工作效率也有好处。”承接下文，G项Good news is, this workplace complaining is actually beneficial to your mental well-being.（好消息是，这种工作场所的抱怨实际上对你的精神健康有益。）切题。空格下句中的too“也”，将上下句连在一起。故选G。

17. F 根据空格下文提示“普莱特在接受澳大利亚广播公司珀斯电台采访时表示，他观察到这种开玩笑和抱怨持续了12个月，并意识到‘这有助于人们处理压力和沮丧情绪’。”承接下文，F项It was found that there’s actually benefits to these kinds of complaining session（研究发现，这种抱怨其实是有好处的）切题。故选F。 18. B 分析句子结构___18___,there will always be a corner of the office or the lunch room可知，前半句应该是一个状语从句或非谓语动词的形式，不可能是并列句，所以在B/D中选择。再根据后半句提示“在办公室或午餐室的某个角落，总会有一群或多或少的员工在某种程度上发泄不满。”承接后半句，B项No matter what kind of environment you work in（无论你在什么样的环境下工作）切题。B项与后半句构成含让步状语从句的复合句。故选B。

19. E 根据分号后面的内容“为了更好地理解它的功能，她不得不研究其他领域，如语言学。”承接后半句，E项 But this common activity in every workplace was so under -researched（但这种普遍存在于每个工作场所的活动却没有得到足够的研究）切题。故选E。

20.C 根据上文提示“无论是礼貌地讨论办公室运作的效率，还是抱怨老板，普莱特发现抱怨可以起到沟通的作用。”承接上文，C. It can even help staff to work through their negative feelings（它甚至可以帮助员工克服消极情绪）切题。故选C。

（7）陕西省2020届高三教学质量检测

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The Internet, as we know, is probably one of the greatest inventions of human history. Never before has the access to the collection of the world’s knowledge ever been more available. 16. Some people look to make use of the information you are providing to the Internet. Everything you do online leaves a small footprint.

There are a couple of steps you can take to make your adventures online a little safer and more secure. Let’s take a look at them.

Cover your tracks.

Whenever you visit a website, a small file is marked in your browser(浏览器), which is called a “cookie”. 17. This enables the webserver to know if you have been there before and it can tailor the presentation to your personal tastes. They are also how Facebook knows to serve you ads based on stuff you looked at on Amazon.

So what’s the harm in the cookie? Well, hackers can use the information stored in your cookies to edit a browsing history or with less secure cookies, take your passwords for some sites. If you want to protect yourself from your information being available to sites then you can turn off the generation of cookies in your browser. 18. 19. The major browsers, Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Safari are all built to be secure from snooping(窥探), but the people who write the code for the browsers are human and they make mistakes. 20. These are usually addressed very quickly, but it is important that you make sure your browser is up to date. Just like your operating system, new security patches are being applied all the time, you need to make sure you have them. Turning on automatic updates is something I highly recommend. A. Use the latest browsers. B. Change browsers frequently. C. This will help protect you online.

D. That’s how the cookie works on our computer.

E.This great invention and resource is not without its dangers. F.It is common for a security problem to pop up with a browser.

G.These cookies store information about who you are and what you looked at.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们应如何避免上网带来的风险。

16. E 根据后文Some people look to make use of the information you are providing to the Internet.可知有些人想要利用你在网上提供的信息。由此可知，互联网这项发明虽然伟大，但是也是存在危险的。故E选项“这项伟大的发明和资源并非没有危险”符合上下文语境。故选E。

17. G根据后文This enables the webserver to know if you have been there before and it can tailor the presentation to

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your personal tastes. They are also how Facebook knows to serve you ads based on stuff you looked at on Amazon.可知这使web服务器能够知道您是否曾经去过那里，并且它可以根据您的个人喜好定制表示。这也是Facebook知道如何根据你在亚马逊上看到的东西为你提供广告的方式。由此可知，本句作者提出信息记录程序的作用是什么，后文则具体解释了信息记录程序是如何利用用户的信息的。故G选项“这些信息记录程序存储着有关你的身份信息和你所浏览内容的痕迹”符合上下文语境。故选G。

18. C根据上文If you want to protect yourself from your information being available to sites then you can turn off the generation of cookies in your browser.可知，如果你想保护自己的信息不被网站获取，那么你可以关闭浏览器中的信息记录程序。由此可知，本句承接上文说明这一做法的作用是可以让你在上网时有效地保护你的隐私。故C选项“这可以让你在上网时有效地保护你的隐私”符合上下文语境。故选C。

19. A根据后文The major browsers, Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Safari are all built to be secure from snooping, but the people who write the code for the browsers are human and they make mistakes.可知主流浏览器Chrome、Internet Explorer、Firefox和Safari都是为防止窥探而设计的，但为这些浏览器编写代码的人是人，他们会犯错。由此可知，本段讲述的是使用浏览器的问题，说明为了避免上网带来的风险，应该经常更新浏览器。故A选项“应用最新版本的浏览器”是适合本段的小标题。故选A。

20. F根据上文The major browsers, Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Safari are all built to be secure from snooping, but the people who write the code for the browsers are human and they make mistakes.可知主流浏览器Chrome、Internet Explorer、Firefox和Safari都是为防止窥探而设计的，但为这些浏览器编写代码的人是人，他们会犯错。由此可知，这些主要的浏览器都设计成了防窥探模式，但是写编码的都是人，毕竟会犯错误。所以有时候浏览器突然出现安全问题是很常见的。故F选项“浏览器突然出现安全问题是很常见的”符合上下文语境。故选F。

（8）2020届四川省宜宾市普通高中高三高考适应性考试（三诊)

When we are born,we are given names that stay with us for our whole lives. Some names include good wishes and hopes from parents, while others may be unique and easy to remember.

36. According to International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, an organization responsible for naming new viruses,the task of naming a virus is no less important than naming a person.

When a disease breaks out, people focus on the public health response 37. But that may lead to many problems. The most obvious one is that different media organizations may use different names for the same virus in their reports. We are now in the internet era. 38. This means different names can take hold quickly and be hard to take back, which may confuse those who know little about the virus.

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39. Over the past decade, some improper names have caused problems. In 2009, the “swine flu” was widely used before the official name, HINI virus, was announced. This led Egypt to kill all of its pigs. In 2015, MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome)caused a backlash (强烈抵制)against the nations and people of this region. So in 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the names of viruses should avoid being named after geographic locations, people, species or classes of animals and foods.

40. The new coronavirus we are suffering from was named “COV-ID-19” on Feb 11. In this name, “CO” means “corona”, “VI” stands for “virus” and “D” means “disease”. Next time you read about a virus you don't know, you may get some clues about it from its name. A. But naming a virus is never easy.

B. The WHO followed these principles this time . C. News can spread to every household in seconds. D. They often don’t know how to protect themselves. E.The official naming of a new virus is often delayed. F.Do you have a name which is easy to remember? G.But do you know how the new coronavirus got its name?

【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了病毒的命名。

36.G 根据后文According to International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, an organization responsible for naming new viruses,the task of naming a virus is no less important than naming a person. 根据负责命名新病毒的组织国际病毒分类委员会的说法，命名病毒的任务并不亚于给人起名字。可知后文介绍给病毒命名。G. But do you know how the new coronavirus got its name? 但是你知道新的冠状病毒是怎么得名的吗？符合此处语境。故选G项。

37.E 根据后文The most obvious one is that different media organizations may use different names for the same virus in their reports.最明显的一点是，不同的媒体机构可能在其报告中对同一病毒使用不同的名称。E. The official naming of a new virus is often delayed. 一种新病毒的官方命名常常是不及时的。后文解释官方对于命名新病毒不及时带来的后果。故选E项。

38.C 根据前文We are now in the internet era. 我们现在处于互联网时代。互联网时代的特征就是消息的传播速度快。C. News can spread to every household in seconds. 消息可以在几秒钟内传遍每家每户。解释前文处于互联网时代，引出下文造成很难收回的后果。故选C项。

39. A根据后文Over the past decade, some improper names have caused problems. 在过去的十年里，一些不恰当的病毒命名引起了许多问题。不合适的病毒命名会导致许多问题，因此给病毒命名是没有那么容易的。

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