新目标英语八年级上第1单元知识讲解及练习含答案

【重要词汇概览】

◆ever adv.曾经 ◆once adv. 一次 ◆twice adv. 两次 ◆internet n.互联网 ◆program n.节目单，(电脑)程序 ◆hilltop n. 山顶 ◆result n.结果，成果 ◆key n.提醒,提示，线索，答案 ◆translate v.翻译 ◆song n.歌曲 ◆junk n.垃圾，破烂物，废弃的旧物 ◆milk n. 牛奶 ◆interviewer n.采访者 ◆habit n.习惯,习性 ◆difference n. 不同,差异,区别 ◆grade n. 分数,成绩,年级 ◆although conj. 虽然，即使，纵然 ◆unhealthy adj.不健康的，不益健康的 ◆skateboarding n.溜滑板运动 【重要词组概览】

◆how often 多久一次 ◆as for 至于，关于 ◆junk food 垃圾食品 ◆eating habit 饮食习惯 ◆of course 当然 ◆look after 照顾，照看 ◆start with 以…开始 ◆make a difference 使得结果不同，有重要性

◆go shopping 去购物 ◆have a party 聚会 ◆go to the movie 去看电影 ◆once a week 每周一次 ◆ hardly ever 很少 ◆ twice a week 每周两次 ◆three times a week 每周三次 ◆watch TV 看电视 ◆ on weekend 在周末

◆do homework 做作业 ◆ a lot of 许多 ◆try to do试图(努力)做某事 ◆ help sb (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 ◆ the same as 和……相同 ◆ keep in good health 保持身体健康

【语法知识聚焦】

一般现在时 The Simple Present Tense （1）一般现在时表示现在的状态

①He is twelve. 他十二岁。 ②They are at home. 他们在家。 （2）表示经常性或习惯性的动作

①I go to school at seven every day. ②He plays soccer on Sundays. （3）表示主语具备的性格和能力等

①She likes apples. ②They speak Japanese. ③She is medium build. 肯定式 否定式

I am a cleaner. I am not a… You are right. You are not…

He / She / It is here. He / She / It is not…

We / You / They are outgoing We / You / They are not… 否定式和疑问式

We go to school at seven every day. He goes to school at seven every day. We don‘t go to school at seven. He doesn‘t go to school at seven. Do you go to school at seven? Does he go to school at seven? Yes, we do.（No, we don‘t.） Yes, he does.(No, he doesn‘t.) 一般现在时常和表示时间频度的副词连用。

如：often, usually, sometimes, always, never, hardly ever等。 1. I often read books in the evening

2. Do they usually go to school by bike? 3. He doesn‘t like milk. He never drinks it. 4. Sometimes my mother gets back at five. 一般现在时常和以下时间表达法连用。

如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night,every day,on Sunday(s), at seven 等。

Do they have math in the morning? She sleeps nine hours every night.

It takes me two hours to do my homework every day. They don‘t have classes on Sundays. 动词第三人称单数的构成：

1、直接加—s：look—looks read—reads play—plays stop—stops 2. 在字母s, x,ch,sh,o后加—es：

miss—misses fix—fixes watch—watches wash—washes go—goes do—does

3. 辅音字母加y结尾的动词去y为i，再加--es

carry – carries study – studies hurry – hurries cry – cries 4.特殊的： have -- has 【语法练习】 选择填空

( ) 1.A: How often ______ she exercise? B: Twice a week.

A. do B. does C. doing D. did

( ) 2. I ______ like to drink milk. A.not B. doesn‘t C. don‘t D. no ( ) 3. Good food and exercise ______ me to study bettter.

A. help B. helps C. helping D. to help ( ) 4. Is her lifestyle the same ______ yours or different?

A. as B. in C. at D. to

( ) 5. I like ____ for breakfast. A. a book B. a ruler C. an egg D. a sofa ( ) 6. The ____are $21. A. glasses B. shoe C. table D. bike ( ) 7. Tennis ____ my favourite sport. A. are B. is C. am D. be ( ) 8. I have a tennis and my friend Jim ____ two tennis rackets. A. have B. play C. plays D. has ( ) 9. ―Let‘s play computer games.‖―That ____ interesting.‖ A. looks B. sounds C. listens D. reads ( )10. My father likes football. But he ____ it. He only ____ football matches on TV!

A. plays, watches B. play, watch C. doesn‘t play, watches D. plays, doesn‘t watch

【参考答案与解题思路】

【参考答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. C 【解题思路】

1. 本题考查助动词do和does 的用法。在疑问句或否定句中，当主语为第三人称单数时，主动词用does,

因此，答案为B.

2.本题考查助动词do和does 的用法。因为 I 不是第三人称单数形式，因此，答案为C.

3.此题为判断和理解型试题, Good food and exercise 是两项事物，因此主语不是第三人称单数形式，因此，答案为 A.

4.本题考查固定短语 the same as 的用法，答案为A.

5.本题考查辨认食品类单词, 只有egg是食品, 故答案为C.

6.本题考查动词be的用法, 但考察方法与前面第３小题不同．根据题中的are来判定应该用名词复数．故答案为A.

7.本题考查动词be的用法, 虽然tennis是以-s结尾，但是，它是单数名词，因此，答案为B. 8. 本题考查动词have, has的用法，由于Jim 是第三人称单数，所以，答案为D. 9.本题考查交际用语 ―That sounds interesting.‖的使用，因此，答案为B.

10.本题考查一般现在时的用法，首先根据题中My father likes football.和But的提示, 判定第一个空应选择doesn‘t play,又根据on TV而得到答案watches, 故答案为C.

【综合能力检测】

一．根椐题意和所给的字母提示，填入正确的单词。

1. Hamburger is a kind of j__ __ __ food. I hardly ever eat hamburgers. 2. I surf the in__ __ __ __ __ __ every day.

3. Look! The old people are on the hill__ __ __. They climb the hills once a week. 4. Tom studies English best in our class. He has a big v__ c__b__l__r__. 5. My grandparents exercise twice a week to st__ __ healthy. 6. Some students watch TV three or four t__ __ __ __ a week. 7. Does it m__ __ __ a big difference if you eat fruit every day? 8. It's very important to have a good eating h__ __ __ __. 9. I never go shopping. I can't st__ __ __ shopping. 10. She often g__ __ __ to the movies on weekends. 二.连词成句

1. what, usually, you do, on, do weekends?________________________________________? 2. how often, your brother, does, take, a, shower?__________________________________? 3. I, nine , hours, sleep, every , night. _____________________________________. 4. Betty, milk, drinks, every, morning. ____________________________________.

5. some, students, once, watch, TV, or, twice, a, week.__________________________________.三.方框选词

hardly, cleaning, take, gave, try, to play, visiting, exercises, went , goes 1. I _______ a shower every night. 2. My father ________ ever watches TV in the evening. 3. Thanks for ________ me.

4. Mary often _________ to the movies on weekends.

5. Grandma is pretty healthy because she ___________ every day. 6. You must ________ to eat less meat. 7. I like __________ basketball.

8. What did you do in summer holidays?

I ________ to Hongkong with my parents.

9. My mother _______ me a new bike on my birthday . 10.What are you doing? We are __________ our room. 四. 根椐括号中所给提示词语，回答问题。

1. What do you usually do on weekends? ( climb the hill)___________________________________. 2. How often do you go to the movies? ( once a year)_____________________________________ 3. How often does your brother play soccer? ( three or four times a week) ____________________________________________________

4. What does your mother do at home? ( watch TV)_______________________________________ 5. Are you healthy? (yes) ____________________________________________ 五.写作

根据表格内容写一篇50字的短文。 Name exercise vegetables fruit milk junk food sleep 7 times a every every nine Peter every day once a week week day day hours nine John hardly sometimes never never 3 and 4 times a week hours Peter is pretty healthy. He exercises every day.______________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

John is unhealthy . He hardly ever exercises._________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

【答案与解析】

一．根椐题意和所给的字母提示，填入正确的单词。

1. junk 2. internet 3. hilltop 4. vocabulary 5. stay 6. times 7. make 8. habit 9. stand 10. goes 二.连词成句

1. What do you usually do on weekends?

2. How often does your brother take a shower? 3. I sleep nine hours every night. 4. Betty drinks milk every morning.

5. Some students watch TV once or twice a week. 三.方框选词

1. take 2. hardly 3. visiting 4. goes 5. exercises 6. try 7. to play 8. went 9. gave 10. cleaning 解析：

1. 本题考查动词短语take a shower 的用法, 由于时间状语为every night,应该用一般现在时。又语为I , 因此答案为take.

2. 本题考查短语hardly ever 的用法, 因此答案为 hardly.

3．for 为介词， 介词的后面应该用动名词， 因此答案为visiting.

4. 本题考查短语go to the movies 的用法。时间状语为often，应该用一般现在时。主语为第三人称单数，故答案为goes.

5. 根椐所给词语和题意理解为：grandma 身体健康的原因是每天锻炼身体，因此，本题答案为: exercises.

6. must是情态动词，其后应该接动词原形，根椐题意，本题答案为try.

7. 动词like 可以构成：like doing sth. 和like to do sth. 意思为：喜欢做某事。本题根椐题意和所给词汇，答案应为to play.

8. 根椐题意判断，本题为一般过去时态。故答案为went.

9. 根椐题意判断，本题为一般过去时态。又根椐所给的词汇，本题答案为：gave.

10. 因为本题为现在进行时态，又题中横线的前面已经有are, 根椐题意，本题答案为cleaning. 四. 根椐括号中所给提示词语，回答问题。 1. I usually climb the hill on weekends. 2. I go to the movies once a year.

3. My brother plays soccer three or four times a week. 4. She watches TV at home. 5. Yes, I am. 解析：

3. 主语是My brother，第三人称单数， 因此动词应该用plays. 4. 主语是She, 第三人称单数，因此动词应该用watches.

5. 根椐所给词意确定，本题答案应该为一般疑问句的肯定回答，所以答案为, Yes, I am. 五.写作

根据所给条件，写出短文，书写时应该用一般现在时。同时还要注意动词的形式，因为主语都是第三人称单数，所以动词也应该用第三人称单数形式。 请看正确答案：