10. Trade based on technological gaps is closely related to: A. the H-O theory

*B. the product-cycle theory C. Linder's theory D. all of the above

11. Which of the following statements is true with regard to the product-cycle theory?

A. It depends on differences in technological changes over time among countries B. it depends on the opening and the closing of technological gaps among countries C. it postulates that industrial countries export more advanced products to less advanced countries *D. all of the above

12. Transport costs:

A. increase the price in the importing country B. reduces the price in the exporting country *C. both of the above D. neither A nor B.

13. Transport costs can be analyzed: A. with demand and supply curves B. production frontiers C. offer curves *D. all of the above

14. The share of transport costs will fall less heavily on the nation: *A. with the more elastic demand and supply of the traded commodity B. with the less elastic demand and supply of the traded commodity C. exporting agricultural products

D. with the largest domestic market

15. A footloose industry is one in which the product: A. gains weight in processing B. loses weight in processing C. both of the above *D. neither A nor B. 思考题：

本章的贸易理论与基于比较优势的贸易理论有哪些不同？这两类贸易理论是互相排斥的吗？

H-O理论与心贸易理论之间有什么经验关联？运输成本对H-O定理和H-O-S定理有何影响？

不同的环保标准时如何影响产业选址及国际贸易的？

2009年底联合国哥本哈根气候大会中的议题与国际贸易有何关系？这对我国经贸发展有何影响？

Chapter 7: Economic Growth and International Trade Multiple-Choice Questions

1. Dynamic factors in trade theory refer to changes in: A. factor endowments B. technology C. tastes

*D. all of the above

2. Doubling the amount of L and K under constant returns to scale: A. doubles the output of the L-intensive commodity B. doubles the output of the K-intensive commodity C. leaves the shape of the production frontier unchanged *D. all of the above.

3. Doubling only the amount of L available under constant returns to scale: A. less than doubles the output of the L-intensive commodity *B. more than doubles the output of the L-intensive commodity C. doubles the output of the K-intensive commodity

D. leaves the output of the K-intensive commodity unchanged

4. The Rybczynski theorem postulates that doubling L at constant relative commodity prices:

A. doubles the output of the L-intensive commodity *B. reduces the output of the K-intensive commodity C. increases the output of both commodities D. any of the above

5. Doubling L is likely to:

A. increases the relative price of the L-intensive commodity B. reduces the relative price of the K-intensive commodity *C. reduces the relative price of the L-intensive commodity D. any of the above

Technical progress that increases the productivity of L proportionately more than the productivity of K is called: *A. capital saving B. labor saving C. neutral

D. any of the above

7. A 50 percent productivity increase in the production of commodity Y: A. increases the output of commodity Y by 50 percent B. does not affect the output of X

C. shifts the production frontier in the Y direction only *D. any of the above

8. Doubling L with trade in a small L-abundant nation: *A. reduces the nation's social welfare B. reduces the nation's terms of trade C. reduces the volume of trade D. all of the above

9. Doubling L with trade in a large L-abundant nation: A. reduces the nation's social welfare B. reduces the nation's terms of trade C. reduces the volume of trade *D. all of the above

If, at unchanged terms of trade, a nation wants to trade more after growth, then the nation's terms of trade can be expected to: *A. deteriorate B. improve

C. remain unchanged D. any of the above

A proportionately greater increase in the nation's supply of labor than of capital is likely

to result in a deterioration in the nation's terms of trade if the nation exports: A. the K-intensive commodity *B. the L-intensive commodity C. either commodity D. both commodities