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本科毕业设计说明书

全自动蓄电池容量检测仪的设计 DESIGN OF THE AUTOMATIC DETECT CAPACITY OF STORAGE BATTERY INSTRUMENTATION

学院（部）：电气与信息工程学院 专业班级： 学生姓名： 指导教师：

年 月 日

全自动蓄电池容量检测仪的设计

摘要

本设计是以AT89C51单片机为核心的蓄电池容量检测系统，通过对AT89C51单片机软件编程可以实现以下基本要求：1、通过蓄电池放电测量电池容量；2、测量电压动态值；3、可切换显示电池容量电压；4、测量结束后有报警提示。

为了检测蓄电池的端电压，以便显示电压，要进行电压采样，并且采样电路为小电流放电，使所测试的电压值比较准确；为了检测蓄电池的容量，要进行电流采样，并且为大电流放电，放电电流为3A-4.5A，还要求放电电流尽可能恒定。系统的恒流放电电路由集成运算放大器构成，结构简单，调整方便。该恒流放电电路，保证了放电电流的基本恒定，从而保证了容量检测的准确。实时测量并显示电压，放电到10.5V则放电结束。实时显示当前所放出的容量，积分计算出容量，不须人工计算。

采用了Atmel公司的AT89C51单片机，该单片机片内有4K的ROM，不需外接ROM，由它设计制成的数字显示的蓄电池容量检测系统，其整个系统呈现单片化结构，硬件电路构成简单，主要功能均由软件编程实现，因此体积小、可靠性高、测量显示方便、直观、价格低廉。

关键词：铅酸蓄电池，容量检测，恒流放电

DESIGN OF THE AUTOMATIC DETECT CAPACITY OF

STORAGE BATTERY INSTRUMENTATION

Abstract

The design is battery measurement system, of which AT89C51 micro controller as the core, through the software programming of AT89C51 SCM can achieve the following basic requirements: 1, battery capacity measurement by battery discharge; 2, measuring dynamic value of voltage, 3, may switch display the battery capacity voltage; 4, alarm after the end of a measure.

In order to detect the battery voltage, show that voltage, we must sample voltage, and sampling circuit is small current discharge so that test the voltage more accurate; To test the battery capacity, we must sample current, and discharge current is large. Discharge current is 3A-4.5A, also requires discharge current constant as possible. The constant current discharge circuit is composed of Integrated Operational amplifier. Structure is simple, and adjustment is easy. The constant discharge circuit ensure that the discharge current fundamental constant, so as to ensure the accurate of capacity detection. Measure and display voltage by real-time, 10.5 V to the discharge, and the discharge is over. Display capacity by real-time, and calculate the capacity by integration, do not need manual calculations.

Using AT89C51 SCM of Atmel, 4K ROM within the SCM, without external ROM, the battery capacity detection system, design made of it, showed its monolithic structure, function work by the software programming. So size is small, it is ,Constant current discharge