Para. 14: the Norman Conquest---French influence.

Para. 15: The European renaissance and the printing pressbrought many new words from Latin and Greek.

Para. 16: The American revolution---the emergence of a new variety---Amercan English. Language Sense Enhancement 1. (1) judge (2) resembled (3) systematic (4) descended (5) lost to us (6) come up with (7) assume (8) established (9) drifted (10) became known as Vocabulary I

1.

1) Strictly speaking 2) drifted

3) resembles 4) invaded 5) is conquered 6) fascinating 7) snack

8) put; into practice 9) source 10) climate 11) surrendered 12) were; aroused 2.

1) an absolute necessity rather than a luxury. 2) is a valuable addition to the football team.

3) will get out of control, if the firemen do not arrive within ten minutes.

4) Alternative but to go via Vancouver to get to Seattle. 5) Declared all beef imports will be banned for the next six months as an emergency measure to stop the spread of mad disease. 3.

1) systematic; have invented; to a very real extent; mysteries 2) to establish; to be modified/modifying 3) tolerance towards; strike out; enrich

II. Synonyms 1. a) wish b) wish c) want d) want/wish 2. a) skin b) hide/skin c) hide d) skin e) 3.

a) raise/rear b) raise c) rear/raise d) raise 4. a) royal b) kingly/royal c) sovereign d) royal/kingly

III. Usage 1. Indeed 2. though 3. Frankly 4. Moreover 5. To my knowledge 6. however 7. nevertheless 8. Yet 9. instead 10. in other words Comprehensive Exercises I. cloze 1. (1) fascinating (2) tolerance (3) invented (4) addition (5) ban (6) corrupt (7) out of control (8) influenced